Common diseases in track gauge mesurement and why it happens ?

Common diseases in track gauge mesurement and why it happens ? 

If the deviation of the track gauge is too large or too small, under the affect of other factors, it may cause train derailment or rail climbing.

Following are the main factors that affect the track gauge deviation:

1. Poor track structure - such as rail fat edge, hard bending, uneven curve wear, wooden sleeper failure, spike floating, rail support failure, fastener creeping, gauge baffle wear, etc.

3. Weakened frame stiffness—i insufficient clamping pressure on fasteners, elastic displacement of track outer-side fasteners (especially in sections with wooden sleepers), etc.